Analyzing and Reducing Health Disparities: Strategies for Elimination
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ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS:
The purpose of this assignment is to provide analytical evidence that a chosen health disparity exists, then present strategies for eliminating or reducing it. Your paper should provide an overview of the specific health disparity (health status and/or health care disparity), an explanation as to why the disparity appears to exist or not, and suggest strategies at the individual, community, and organizational levels that could be undertaken to reduce or eliminate the health disparity. The proposed strategies should target the most significant factors contributing to the target health disparity.
The paper should be a minimum of 5 pages and no more than 7 pages excluding the title and reference pages. Use APA scholarly writing guidelines in the paper including Times New Roman, 12-point font, and double spacing.
Document the health disparity (based on published evidence). You will need to perform a search of information using reliable published articles (see databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and another available library database) and the websites of reputable organizations (e.g., NIH, CDC, WHO, PAHO, WHO, American Cancer Society, March of Dimes, American Lung Association, etc.) to locate the most up‐to‐date statistics available (2016 or later) on the prevalence/incidence of the health disparity and other information on its severity or impact. The statistics that you present on the specific health disparity should be compared with that reported for the general U.S. population, a specific reference group (e.g., “white” persons), or both.
Overview of the causes of the target health disparity (based on published evidence). Outline possible environmental, structural, social, cultural, or behavioral causes that might have been historically responsible for the health disparity and those that are responsible for maintaining it in current times.
Identify specific causes that you think should be targeted for intervention (based on published evidence). Based on your research, identify the major factor(s) that you believe are at the root of the health disparity in question and that you suggest should be targeted to reduce or eliminate the disparity in health status and/or health care.
Discuss major issues that need to be considered when developing specific health disparity interventions. Discuss some of the major issues which need to be considered (e.g., improving health literacy, cultural competency, improved health care access, health education, etc.) to be able to develop effective strategies to reduce or eliminate the disparity in health status for the selected ethnic group. Need to think about which ones would give the “biggest bang for the buck” and which would be most sustainable.
Describe the strategy(s) that you propose to reduce or eliminate the specific health disparity. Based on the evidence, describe in detail strategies at the policy, community, organizational, and/or individual levels that should receive greater funding priority. You must explain the reason(s) why you selected these particular strategies and if there is any evidence for their effectiveness for this or similar target groups. This should be as evidence‐based as possible.
Discuss potential threats to strategy implementation. Finally, discuss the challenges that you anticipate would occur in implementing the proposed strategy(s) to reduce or eliminate the target health disparity.
References (you should use a minimum of 6 references and these should be from peer‐reviewed journals; no more than 20% can be from reputable websites such as the CDC, WHO, PAHO, AMA, or similar sources). Citations from Wikipedia and low‐quality web sources are not allowed.
HOW TO WORK ON THIS ASSIGNMENT (EXAMPLE ESSAY / DRAFT)
Health Disparities: Overview and Elimination Methods
Introduction
Disparities in health outcomes between various groups of individuals are referred to as health disparities. Race, ethnicity, socioeconomic class, location, and other factors that affect access to healthcare and resources connected to health are frequently linked to these differences. Health disparities are a serious public health concern because they have broad social and economic ramifications in addition to influencing the health and well-being of those who are impacted. In this essay, we’ll examine a particular health discrepancy, outline its reasons, and suggest solutions for how to eliminate or lessen it.
Diabetes among Hispanic Americans is a health disparity
High blood glucose levels result from diabetes, a chronic condition that impairs the body’s ability to make or use insulin. Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanic Americans are more likely to get diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes among Hispanic adults in the United States in 2018 was 14.7%, compared to 7.5% among non-Hispanic Whites, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (CDC, 2021). This discrepancy has been noted for a long time and is not new. Many other reasons contribute to this health inequality, including environmental, structural, social, cultural, and behavioral factors.
Causes from the Environment and Structure
Significant environmental and structural variables that contribute to the diabetes gap among Hispanic Americans include poverty, unemployment, substandard housing, and restricted access to healthcare services. Numerous Hispanic Americans reside in underdeveloped metropolitan areas with inadequate access to wholesome diets and secure exercise facilities. Additionally, a large percentage of Hispanic Americans do not have health insurance, which makes it challenging for them to get medical treatments.
Cultural and Social Factors
Language hurdles, cultural prejudice, and discrimination are a few social and cultural variables that contribute to the diabetes gap among Hispanic Americans. For Hispanic Americans, language problems may make it difficult to understand their diabetes diagnosis, access healthcare services, and manage their disease. Cultural norms may affect the acceptability of specific treatments or interventions and health behaviors like diet and exercise. Stress and ill health are two other factors that might be attributed to prejudice and discrimination toward Hispanic Americans.
Cognitive Causes
Diabetes prevalence among Hispanic Americans is also impacted by behavioral factors like nutrition, exercise, and smoking. The risk of acquiring diabetes is higher in Hispanic Americans because they are more likely to consume a diet that is low in fruits and vegetables and high in fat and sugar. Diabetes is also influenced by physical inactivity, and many Hispanic Americans live in areas without secure locations to exercise. Additionally, smoking is more prevalent among Hispanic Americans, which can exacerbate the negative health impacts of diabetes.
Specific Interventions
At the individual, communal, and organizational levels, interventions are required to lessen or eliminate the diabetes gap among Hispanic Americans. Prioritize the following tactics first:
Personal Level
Campaigns for education and awareness should be created at the individual level to enhance understanding of diabetes risk factors, symptoms, and prevention measures. It is important to create bilingual diabetes education programs in Spanish and other Hispanic-American languages. These programs ought to be distributed across several platforms, such as social media, television, and public gatherings.
a local level
Interventions at the community level should concentrate on expanding access to wholesome diets and secure exercise facilities. To promote accessibility to fresh fruits and vegetables, community gardens, farmers’ markets, and incentive programs for healthy eating might be implemented. To promote physical activity, safe pathways for biking and walking should be established. Hispanic Americans with diabetes may also receive assistance and resources through community-based organizations, such as peer support networks and diabetes self-management courses.
Administrative Level
The organizational level should promote the provision of culturally competent care to Hispanic Americans with diabetes by healthcare systems and providers.
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